Is a subscription required with LoRaWAN gateways?

LoRaWAN gateways may require a subscription linked to the network core used.

In fact, every LoRaWAN gateway has a network server, either integrated or remote, depending on the customer’s needs. Some are free, others are not, and they all have specific disadvantages and advantages.

On the other hand, the connectivity of sensors registered on a proprietary or private LoRaWAN gateway is free.